3 All those of twenty years old and over, who are able to go to war in Israel, are to be numbered by you and Aaron. 4 And to give you help, take one man from every tribe, the head of his father's house. 5 These are the names of those who are to be your helpers: from Reuben, Elizur, the son of Shedeur; 6 From Simeon, Shelumiel, the son of Zurishaddai; 7 From Judah, Nahshon, the son of Amminadab; 8 From Issachar, Nethanel, the son of Zuar; 9 From Zebulun, Eliab, the son of Helon; 10 Of the children of Joseph: from Ephraim, Elishama, the son of Ammihud; from Manasseh, Gamaliel, the son of Pedahzur, 11 From Benjamin, Abidan, the son of Gideoni; 12 From Dan, Ahiezer, the son of Ammi-shaddai; 13 From Asher, Pagiel, the son of Ochran; 14 From Gad, Eliasaph, the son of Reuel; 15 From Naphtali, Ahira, the son of Enan. 16 These are the men named out of all the people, chiefs of their fathers' houses, heads of the tribes of Israel.
17 And Moses and Aaron took these men, marked out by name; 18 And they got together all the people on the first day of the second month; and everyone made clear his family and his father's house, by the number of the names, from twenty years old and over. 19 As the Lord had given orders to Moses, so they were numbered by him in the waste place of Sinai. 20 The generations of the sons of Reuben, the oldest son of Israel, were numbered by their families and their fathers' houses, every male of twenty years old and over, who was able to go to war; 21 Forty-six thousand, five hundred of the tribe of Reuben were numbered. 22 The generations of the sons of Simeon were numbered by their families and their fathers' houses, every male of twenty years old and over, who was able to go to war; 23 Fifty-nine thousand, three hundred of the tribe of Simeon were numbered. 24 The generations of the sons of Gad were numbered by their families and their fathers' houses, every male of twenty years old and over who was able to go to war; 25 Forty-five thousand, six hundred and fifty of the tribe of Gad were numbered. 26 The generations of the sons of Judah were numbered by their families and their fathers' houses, every male of twenty years old and over who was able to go to war; 27 Seventy-four thousand, six hundred of the tribe of Judah were numbered. 28 The generations of the sons of Issachar were numbered by their families and their fathers' houses, every male of twenty years old and over who was able to go to war; 29 Fifty-four thousand, four hundred of the tribe of Issachar were numbered. 30 The generations of the sons of Zebulun were numbered by their families and their fathers' houses, every male of twenty years old and over who was able to go to war; 31 Fifty-seven thousand, four hundred of the tribe of Zebulun were numbered. 32 The generations of the sons of Joseph were numbered by their families and their fathers' houses, every male of twenty years old and over who was able to go to war; 33 Forty thousand, five hundred of the tribe of Ephraim were numbered. 34 The generations of the sons of Manasseh were numbered by their families and their fathers' houses, every male of twenty years old and over who was able to go to war; 35 Thirty-two thousand, two hundred of the tribe of Manasseh were numbered. 36 The generations of the sons of Benjamin were numbered by their families and their fathers' houses, every male of twenty years old and over who was able to go to war; 37 Thirty-five thousand, four hundred of the tribe of Benjamin were numbered. 38 The generations of the sons of Dan were numbered by their families and their fathers' houses, every male of twenty years and over who was able to go to war; 39 Sixty-two thousand, seven hundred of the tribe of Dan were numbered. 40 The generations of the sons of Asher were numbered by their families and their fathers' houses, every male of twenty years old and over who was able to go to war; 41 Forty-one thousand, five hundred of the tribe of Asher were numbered. 42 The generations of the sons of Naphtali were numbered by their families and their fathers' houses, every male of twenty years old and over who was able to go to war; 43 Fifty-three thousand, four hundred of the tribe of Naphtali were numbered.
44 These are they who were numbered by Moses and Aaron and by the twelve chiefs of Israel, one from every tribe. 45 So all those who were numbered of the children of Israel, by their families, all those of twenty years old and over who were able to go to war, 46 Were six hundred and three thousand, five hundred and fifty.
47 But the Levites, of the tribe of their fathers, were not numbered among them. 48 For the Lord said to Moses, 49 Only the tribe of Levi is not to be numbered among the children of Israel,
Matthew Henry's Commentary on Numbers 1:3-49
Commentary on Numbers 1:1-43
(Read Numbers 1:1-43)
The people were numbered to show God's faithfulness in thus increasing the seed of Jacob, that they might be the better trained for the wars and conquest of Canaan, and to ascertain their families in order to the division of the land. It is said of each tribe, that those were numbered who were able to go forth to war; they had wars before them, though now they met with no opposition. Let the believer be prepared to withstand the enemies of his soul, though all may appear to be peace.
Commentary on Numbers 1:44-46
(Read Numbers 1:44-46)
We have here the sum total. How much was required to maintain all these in the wilderness! They were all provided for by God every day. When we observe the faithfulness of God, however unlikely the performance of his promise may appear, we may take courage as to those which yet remain to be fulfilled to the church of God.
Commentary on Numbers 1:47-54
(Read Numbers 1:47-54)
Care is here taken to distinguish the tribe of Levi, which, in the matter of the golden calf, had distinguished itself. Singular services shall be recompensed by singular honours. It was to the honour of the Levites, that to them was committed the care of the tabernacle and its treasures, in their camps and in their marches. It was for the honour of the holy things that none should see them, or touch them, but those who were called of God to the service. We all are unfit and unworthy to have fellowship with God, till called by his grace into the fellowship of his Son Jesus Christ our Lord; and so, being the spiritual seed of that great High Priest, we are made priests to our God. Great care must be taken to prevent sin, for preventing sin is preventing wrath. Being a holy tribe, they were not reckoned among other Israelites. They that minister about holy things, should neither entangle themselves, nor be entangled, in worldly affairs. And let every believer seek to do what the Lord has commanded.